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用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空1. Last Monday he was walking along the street. Just then a traffic accident ________.2. Don't ________ the car before it -八年级英语

[db:作者]  2020-01-10 00:00:00  零零社区

题文

用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空

1. Last Monday he was walking along the street. Just then a traffic accident ________.
2. Don't ________ the car before it stops.
3. When she saw an alien sitting in the UFO, she ________.
4. When the storm began, I ________.
5. My mother ________ when the alien went into her shop.
题型:填空题  难度:中档

答案

1. happened    2.get out of    3.shouted    4. was taking a shower     5.called the TV station

据专家权威分析,试题“用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空1. Last Monday he was wal..”主要考查你对  一般过去时,过去进行时,祈使句  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:

一般过去时过去进行时祈使句

考点名称:一般过去时

  • 一般过去时:
    表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
    基本结构:
    主语+动词过去式+其他;
    否定形式①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词;
    一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他。

  • 一般过去时句法结构:
    肯定形式
    主语+动词过去式+其他
    例句:She often came to help us in those days.
    否定形式
    ①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词
    例句:I didn't know you like coffee
    一般疑问句
    ①Did+主语+do+其他? ②Was\Were+主语+表语?
    例句:Did I do that?
    用表格整理如下:
    肯定式 疑问式 否定式 疑问否定式
    Iworked Did I work? I did not work Did I not work?
    He(She,It) worked Did he(she,it) work? He(she,it) did not work Did he(she,it) notwork?
    We worked Did we work? We did not work Did we not work?
    You worked Did you work? You did not work Did you not work?
    They worked Did they work? They did not work Did they not work?
    记忆口诀:
    一般过去时并不难,过去动作、状态记心间。
    动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。
    否定句很简单,didn't 站在动原前,其它部分不要变。
    一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动原、其它部分依次站。
    特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
    最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记!

    一般过去时中动词过去式变化规则:

    构成

    举例

    一般情况

    词尾+ed

    动词原形

    过去式和过去分词

    look
    talk

    looked
    talked

    以不发音字母e结尾

    词尾+d

    like
    arrive

    liked
    arrived

    以“辅以字母+y”结尾

    变y为i,再加ed

    fly
    study

    flied
    studied

    以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母

    双写词尾+ed

    stop
    plan

    stopped
    planned 


    结构句型:

    1.一般句子
    I watched TV last night.
    2.一般疑问句
    Did you watch TV last night?
    3.there be 句型
    There was an apple on the table last night.
    Was there an apple on the table last night

  • 一般过去时注意事项:
    1.注意主句与从句中时态的一致性
    如果主句用了过去时,从句中一般也要用过去式,或者过去进行时、过去完成时等。例如:
    He believed that he was right. 他相信自己是对的。
    I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。
    I thought they were with you. 我以为他们和你在一起。

    2.在口语中, 一般过去时并不一定指真正的过去,而只是表示一种礼貌性语气。例如:
    I wondered (wonder) if you could do me a favor. 不知你可否帮我一个忙。
    I wanted (want) to ask if I could borrow your car. 我想问问可否借用你的车。
    I hoped (hope) you could (can) give me some advice. 我希望你能帮我出点主意。
    Did (Do) you want to see me? 你想见我吗?

    3.used to
    used to 是一个词组,表示“过去曾经是……而现在已经停止了”的动作。例如:
    I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。(而现在不这样了)
    I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。(而现在不在早晨散步了)

  • 一般过去式用法:
    (1)一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生,也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。
    一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去的事情。
    句式:主语+动词过去式+宾语+其它
    I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨,我跟茱莉雅说了几句话。
    He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子,抽烟抽得可凶了。

    (2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,如:
    yesterday,last week ,in  the  past ,in 1993,at that time,once,during the war,before,a few days ago,when 等等.
    (句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响)。
    Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗?(你现在不饿吗?)
    Yes,I have. 是的,我已经吃过了。(已经吃饱了,不想再吃了。)
    When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的?(关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。)
    I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。)
    Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。
    I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。
    I ate it at 6:45。我在六点四十五分吃了。

    (3)带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时。如:
    yesterday(昨天)、two days ago…(两天前…… )、last year…(去年…)、the other day(前几天)、
    once upon a time(很久以前)、 just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前…)、
    When I was 8 years old(当我八岁时…)、at+一个时间点
    Did you have a party the other day?前几天,你们开了晚会了吗?
    Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷锋是个好战士。
    注:在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时。

    (4)表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。
    The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.
    那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了。

    (5)表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always,never等连用。
    Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。
    (只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞。)
    比较:
    Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。
    (说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)
    Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。
    (表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦)
    I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。
    (不涉及到现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)

    (6)如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做,而现在不那样做了)
    He used to drink alcohol.他过去喝酒。
    (意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了)
    I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。
    (意味着现在不在早晨散步了)
    比较:
    I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。
    (只是说明过去这一动作)

    (7)有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时。
    I didn''t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。
    (因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.)
    I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。
    (这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病)

  • 一般过去时三变技巧:
    一变:肯定句变为否定句
    技巧1.当句中含有情态动词或助动词could,would,should等时,可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如:
    I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket.
    技巧2.当句中含有系动词was,were 时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如:
    I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.
    技巧3.当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not / didn't,动词还原,构成否定句。例如:
    The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.

    二变:陈述句变为一般疑问句
    技巧1.移动词语的位置。将was,were, could,would,should等移到句首。例如:
    He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself?
    技巧2.添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在主语之前加did,动词还原。例如:
    Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old?

    三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句
    技巧1.确定疑问词:人who / whom,物what,地点where,时间when / what time,原因why,频率how often,长度how long,距离how far等等。例如:
    They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?
    技巧2.辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如:
    The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen?

考点名称:过去进行时

  • 过去进行时:
    表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。其形式为was/were+V-ing。
    常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如:
    last night,last Saturday等;
    或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用。

  • 过去进行时的结构:
    1. 过去进行时由“主语+was/were + 现在分词”构成
    eg: We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。
    2. 过去进行时的否定式由“主语+was/were not +现在分词”构成
    eg: This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个时候,杰克不是在看电视,而是在修理自行车。
    3. 过去进行时的疑问式由“was/were +主语+ 现在分词”组成
    eg: Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 你们在干什么昨天下午的时间啊  回答我啊?

  • 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别:
    一、二者概念理解
    一般过去时叙述旧事,过去进行时描述背景。
    A、一般过去时
    1.过去状态、动作或事件
    He went to Beijing the other day.(带具体时间)
    2.过去的习惯
    a would ,used to与过去时
    would 表间断性不规则的习惯,常带频率时间
    used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯
    They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.
    He smoked a lot two years ago. (过去行为)
    bWould 用于文中不用于句首,只表过去习惯。
    Used to 表今昔对比的含义,叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。
    When he was a boy , he would often go there . (叙述过去)
    She isn't what she used to be. (今昔对比)
    c 表示状态时一般只用used to
    Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态)
    dwas (were) used to +ving表示“合适于,适应于…..”
    He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常)
    He was used to working at night. (习惯表适应)
    3.过去的经历,平行动作,依此事件用一般过去时。
    He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生)
    4.客气委婉的语气,用于情态动词,助动词和want , wonder , hope 等
    How did you like the film? / Could you help me?

    B. 过去进行时
    1.在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生
    What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生)
    2.性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算
    During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)
    3.lways ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱,讨厌等感情色彩。
    He was always Changing his mind.

    二、区别
    A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。
    I was reading the book at that time. (未读完,“读”的片段)
    I read the book yesterday. (已读完,表整个“读”)
    B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用
    It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词,故也可使用)
    He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用,表反复,连续发生,不可用一般过去时)
    C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。
    例:He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.
    D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时,但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时,两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时,长的用进行时。
    I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)
    I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.
    I saw him while I was walking to the station.

  • 过去进行时的基本用法:
    过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。如:
    He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。   
    2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。如:
    I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。   
    【注】一般过去时也有类似用法,但比较而言,用过去进行时显得更客气,更不肯定。   
    3. 过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、 
    厌恶等感情色彩,也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用。如:
    They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。   
    4. 动词be的过去进行时动词be的进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。   
    比较:He was friendly. 他很友好。(指过去长期如此)   
       He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现)

    特殊用法

    1、当句子意思很清楚时,我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时
    We listened carefully when the teacher read the text. 老师读课文时,我们都仔细地听着。
    2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。
    用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置转移的动词时,也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
    如:He told me that he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。
    3、表示故事发生的背景。
    It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.
    那支医疗小组往前线行进时,天正下着雪。
    4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。
    过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作,这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。
    Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette.
    5分钟后,他已站在门口抽着烟。
    5、过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应,含有意外之意。
    I was walking in the street when someone called me.
    我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。
    6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。
    She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.
    她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。
    7、与always,constantly等词连用,表示感情色彩。
    The girl was always changing her mind.
    这女孩老是改变主意。

考点名称:祈使句

  • 祈使句:
    表示请求或命令的句子是祈使句。祈使句一般用降调,为使祈使句听起来比较婉转,可用低声调,祈使句句末用句号或感叹号。
    每种类型又有肯定形式和 祈使句的组成
    ①动词原形+其他
    ②Please+动词原形+其他
    ③否定形式:don‘t+动词原形,用don’t否定时,只能用其缩略形式。
    例如:
    Welcome to Beijing Park. 
    Walk about three blocks. 
    Don’t mention it.

     <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

    祈使句含义:

    1. 表请求 
    Pass me the sugar, please.
    请把糖递给我。

    2. 表命令 
    Put up your hands.
    举手。 
    Fill in this form.
    把这个表填好。

    3. 表建议 
    Let
    s have dinner together. 我们共进晚餐吧。

    4. 表邀请 
    Come in and have a seat.
    进来请坐。 
    Help yourself to some fruits.
    请吃水果。

    5. 表警告 
    Hurry up or you will be late.
    抓紧点,不然你要迟到了。 
    Do that again and you
    ll be in trouble.要是再干那事,你会有麻烦的。

    6. 表禁止 
    Don
    t touch the exhibits.不要触摸展品。 
    Don
    t play on the road.不要在马路上玩耍。

    7. 表叮嘱             
    Be sure to get there before nine.
    务必在九点前赶到那里。 
    Take care not to catch cold.
    小心别着凉了。

    8. 表号召 
    Workers of all countries, unite!
    全世界工人阶级联合起来!

    9. 表祝愿 
    Have a good trip.
    祝你旅途愉快。

  • 祈使句有三种类型:
    一、含第二人称主语的祈使句
    1. 当祈使的对象是第二人称you时称为含第二人称主语的祈使句。
    这时,主语you通常不出现在句中,谓语动词用原形。
    有时在句首或句末加please,还可加上称呼语,用逗号与句子主体隔开。如:
    Please be quiet, boys! 孩子们,请安静!
    Come this way, please. 请走这边。
    如要加强语气,可在动词前加do。如:
    Do keep away from the fire! 切记远离火种!
    2. 否定式在谓语动词前加Don’t或Do not,强调否定式则在动词前加Never。如:
    Don’t alway make the same mistake. 不要老犯同一个错误。
    Never be late again. 千万别再迟到了。
    3. 有时,为了强调指明向谁提出要求或发出命令,或表达说话人的急躁、厌烦、不满、恼怒的情绪,就用主语you表示,且放在动词前。如:
    You come here! 你到这里来!
    You mind your head! 小心别碰到头了!
    若为否定式,则把Don’t放在主语you之前。如:
    Don’t you come here! 你别来这里!

    二、含第一、第三人称主语的祈使句
    1. 含第一或第三人称主语的祈使句通常以Let开头,
    第一人称由“Let + me / us +动词原形”构成,
    第三人称由“Let + 第三人称代词(用宾格)或名词+动词原形”构成。
    这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。如:
    Let me have a try if you don’t want to. 如果你不想,就让我试一试吧。
    Let’s spend this weekend in the country. 咱们到乡下去度这个周末吧。
    Let him be here by ten o’clock. 叫他10点到这里吧。
    有时也可以先称呼对方的名字,,后跟一句无人称主语的祈使句。如:
    Jane, sit down please. 简,请坐下。
    Mum, remember to bring me an umbrella. 妈妈,记得给我带把伞。
    2. 这类祈使句的否定式是在动词原形前加not,也可以在let前加Don’t。如:
    Let’s not wast our time about it. 我们不要为了这件事而浪费时间。
    Don’t let us wait here. 别让我们在这儿等。
    Don’t let him go out. 别让他出去。

    三、无动词祈使句
    在请求、命令和口号中,常用无动词祈使句,它实际上是省略了动词,从而使语句更简洁或有力。如:
    Just a minute, please! 请稍等!
    This way, please! 请这边走!
    Attention! 立正!
    Up the stairs! 上楼!
    To the playground, everyone of you! 到操场上去,你们每个人都得去!
    在一些指示牌上,常用“No +动名词/名词”构成简略式的否定祈使句。如:
    No smoking! 禁止抽烟!
    No parking! 禁止停车!
    No photos! 禁止拍照!
    还有一些是祝词类的无动词祈使句,如:
    May you succeed!祝你成功!
    Long live our friendship!我们的友谊万岁!

  •  

  • 祈使句特点口令:
    祈使句无主语, 主语you常省去;
    动词原形谓语当, 句首加don't否定变;
    朗读应当用降调, 句末常标感叹号。

    祈使句的语调特点 :
    1、语音强度一般比陈述句重,书面上用叹号表示。
    2、句末用降调,较长句子的后半部分几个音节速度加快。

    对特定的人使用的祈使句:
    祈使句如Wait here! (在这儿等着!) 可以是对一个人说,也可以是对几个人说,其主语暗含you。
    但我们却可以用下列方式引起我们说话的对象的注意:
    ■You+祈使语气动词
    You wait here for a moment. 你在这儿等一会儿。
    语调和重音很重要。在上面这一句里,如果不重读you,那么句子的意思是this is where you wait (这就是你应等着的地方);
    如果重读you,那么句子的意思就是this is what I want you to do (这是我要你做的事)。
    此外,重读you时还可以表示愤怒、敌意或不客气。如:
    You mind your own business! 不关你什么事
    You try teaching 40 noisy children five days a week! 你来试试每周5天教40个吵闹的孩子!
    在否定句中Don’t要重读 (不重读you)。如:
    Don’t you speak to me like that! 你别这样跟我讲话!

    ■“you+人名”或“人名+you”
    You wait here, Jim, and Mary, you wait there. 你等在这儿,吉姆;玛丽,你等在那儿。

    ■“祈使语气+人名”或“人名+祈使语气”:
    Drink up your milk, Sally! 把你的牛奶喝光,萨利!
    Sally, drink up your milk! 萨利,把你的牛奶喝光!

    ■祈使语气+反身代词
    Enjoy yourself. 你好好享受吧。
    Behave yourself. 你放规矩点。

    ■对一群人讲话时,祈使语气可与everybody, someone之类的词连用:
    Everyone keep quiet! 大家安静!
    Keep still everybody! 每个人都保持不动!
    Nobody say a word! 都不许说话!
    Somebody answer the phone please. 请来个人接电话。

    ■在表示否定的命令语气后面可用带any的复合词
    Don’t say a word anybody! 谁都不要说话!
    Don’t anybody say a word! 任何人都不许说话!



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