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句型转换。1. Funky Fashions has the worst clothes in town. (改为一般疑问句)______ Funky Fashions ______ the worst clothes in town? 2. Mike's hair is 5cm lon-八年级英语

[db:作者]  2020-02-29 00:00:00  互联网

题文

句型转换。
1. Funky Fashions has the worst clothes in town. (改为一般疑问句)
    ______ Funky Fashions ______ the worst clothes in town?
2. Mike's hair is 5cm long. Jack's hair is 6cm long. (合并为一句话)
    Mike's hair is ______ ______ ______.
3. The hotel is about 180 yuan a night. (对划线部分提问)
    ______ the ______ ______ the hotel a night?
4. I think Jason's has the best quality in town. (改为否定句)
    I ______ think Jason's ______ the best quality in town.
5. This jacket is cheaper than that one. (改为同义句)
    That jacket is ______ ______ than this one.
题型:句型转换  难度:中档

答案

1. Does, have   2. shorter than Jack's   3. What's, price of   4. don't, has   5. more expensive

据专家权威分析,试题“句型转换。1. Funky Fashions has the worst clothes in town...”主要考查你对  一般疑问句,名词,疑问代词,形容词的比较级,形容词的最高级,宾语从句  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:

一般疑问句名词疑问代词形容词的比较级,形容词的最高级宾语从句

考点名称:一般疑问句

  • 一般疑问句:
    是疑问句的一种。通常用yes,no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。口语中若无特殊含义,句末用升调。
    其结构是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分? 
    通常回答为:   
    肯定:Yes+主语+提问的助动词   
    否定:No+主语+提问的助动词+not 
    例如:
    Are you from Japan?   Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
    Do you live near your school? Yes, I do./No, I don't. 
    Can you speak French?  Yes, I can./No, I can't.

  • 一般疑问句的特性:
    1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am/ is/ are)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。
    如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:
    I'm in Class 2Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖
    We're watching TV. →Are you watching TV﹖
    2.陈述句中有情态动词(can、may、must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:
    He can swim now. →Can he swim now﹖
    The children may come with us. → May the children come with us﹖
    3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does主语后的实义动词用原形。如:
    I like these animals. →Do you like these animals﹖
    She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies﹖
    4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
    5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:
    Are they in town now﹖
    I think so.
    May I sit here﹖
    Certainly.
    Does he like soccer﹖
    Sorry I don't know.
    6. 一般疑问句的第一单词总是虚词,读的时候要读轻声。

  • 陈述句变为一般疑问句技巧:
    根据一般疑问句不同的家族,可以用不同的方法将陈述句变为相应的一般疑问句。
    1、第一家族:含be动词或情态动词的句子
    秘诀:一调二改三问号
    一调:即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前;
    二改:改换主语称谓,即将句中的主语I\my \mines\we\our\ours等。第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称you\your\ yours等;
    三问号:句末的句号改为问号。如:
    Eg. I am an English teacher.    →    Are you an English teacher?
    Eg. We can speak English fluently.   →    Can you speak English fluently?

    2、第二家族:含行为动词(或称为实义动词)的句子
    秘诀:一加二改三问号
    一加:即在句首加助动词Do或Does;
    二改:1、把谓语动词改为原形;2、改换主语称谓(同第一家组);
    三问号:句末的句号改为问号。
    Eg. We read English every morning. → Do you read English every morning?
    Eg. Tom’s father listens to English on the radio every evening. →Does Tom’s father listen to English on the radio every evening?
    特别注意:对于第二家族一定要注意动词的还原,因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。

    3、加强记忆口诀:
    肯变一,并不难,can 或be提在前;
    谓语若为行为动,do 或does句首用。

考点名称:名词

  • 名词:
    是词性的一种,也是实词的一种,是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。
    名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。

  • 名词分类:
    一、按意义分类
    1.专有名词
    表示具体的人,事物,地点,团体或机构的专有名称(第一个字母要大写)。
    例:China(中国)、Asia(亚洲) Beijing(北京)、the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)。
    专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。
    如:the Great Wall(长城)。
    姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义)。
    如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。
    2.普通名词
    表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。
    例如:teacher 老师、tea 茶、 reform 改革。 
    普通名词又可进一步分为五类:
    ①个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示单个的人和事物。
     (car 汽车 room 房间 fan 风扇photo 照片)
    ②集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示一群人或一些事物的名称。
      ( people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队 government政府 group 集团 )
    ③复合名词:两个或两个以上名词连在一起构成的名词
     (boy-friend男友 passer-by过路人 brother-in-law内兄)
    ④物质名词(Material Nouns):表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。
      ( fire 火 steel 钢 air 空气 water 水 milk牛奶 )
    ⑤抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。
      ( labour 劳动 health 健康 life 生活 friendship友情 patience耐力 )

    二、按是否可数分类
    名词又可分为可数名词(Countable Nouns)和不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)
    1、不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西;
    它一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an。抽象名词,物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词
    2、可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;因此它有复数形式。

  • 名词易混点举例:
    一.有些名词既是可数名词,又是不可数名词,但意义有所不同。如:
    work(工作) ——a work (著作);                     
     glass(玻璃)——a glass (玻璃杯);            
     aper(纸) ——a paper(报纸;文件;试卷)
    tea(茶) ——a tea (一种茶)(表示种类);     
    wood(木头) ——a wood (小树林);        
    room(空间) ——a room (房间)

    二.容易混淆的名词
    1.work/job
    work是不可数名词,有体力或脑力劳动的意思,又有作为职业概念的工作的意思。
    job作为工作,其实有两层含义:一个是干活零工”;一个作为职业的”,是可数名词。 
    job意思是a piece of work,指已做或要做、应做的具体的某种工作,实际含义是“职业”,
    而work通常指抽象意义上的工作,是不可数名词,也可指“工作场所”。如:
    I’m busy today, for I have a lot of work to do.

    2. wish / hope
     wish之后可以跟含有动词不定式的复合宾语(wish sb. to do sth.),hope不可以这样用。例如:
    I wish you to be happy.我希望你快乐。
     hopewish都可以跟从句。hope之后的从句的谓语动词用一般将来时或一般现在时,所表达的愿望可以实现;
    wish
    之后的从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气(以后学),表达的愿望无法实现。例如:
    I hope you like the flowers.我希望你喜欢这些花。
    I wish I were a bird.我希望我是一只小鸟。(虚拟语气)
    hopewish都可以跟动词不定式(hope/wish to do sth.)wish比较正式,口气比较强烈;
    而用hope所表达的愿望容易实现。例如:
    I hope (wish) to go to college.我希望上大学。
    wish可接双宾语表示祝愿、祝福,hope却没有这种用法。例如:
    I wish you success.我祝愿你成功。

    3.silly/stupid/foolish
    三个词都含有的意思,但略有不同。
    stupid所表达的程度最强,指智力、理解力和学习能力差;
    silly
    指头脑简单、傻头傻脑,使人觉得可笑,带有一定的感情色彩;
    foolish
    是普通用语,尤其是在口语中广泛使用。如:
    He is stupid in learning math.
    他学数学很笨。
    Stop asking such silly questions.
    别再问这样傻的问题了。
    You are foolish to throw away such a good chance.
    你真蠢,丢掉这么好的一个机会。<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

    4.instead/instead of

    instead/instead of

    instead是副词,一般放在句首或句末。
    instead of 是介词短语,表示代替, 含有对比的意思,其后常跟名词、代词或v-ing形式。如:

    Jack didn’t study law. Instead, he decided to become an actor.

    杰克没有学法律,而是决定作一名演员。

    If you can’t go to the meeting, I can go instead.

    如果你不去开会, 我可以(代替你)去。

    Could I have tuna instead of ham?

    我能否要金枪鱼而不是火腿?

    Miss Wang is ill. I’ll teach you instead of her.

    王老师病了,我代替她给你们上课。

    We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator.

    我们走着下楼梯而没有乘电梯。


    5.frightened/afraid/terrible

    frightened/afraid/terrible

    frightened是由过去分词转化的形容词,常指突如其来的震惊,可用very修饰,在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。

    afraid只能做表语,多用于习惯经常地惧怕某事物, 泛指一种恐惧心理”;
    后接名词、代词、动名词等时,用介词of;接动词时,用带to的不定式;接从句用连词that (可省略)

    terrible指极端的恐怖,令人痛苦或不知所措。


    6.learn/study

    learn/study

    二者都作学、学习,有时可以互换。如:

    When did you begin to study/learn English?

    你是什么时候开始学习英语的?

    study侧重学习的过程;learn侧重学习的结果,常译作学到、学会 :

    He studied hard and at last learned the language.

    他努力学习,终于学会了这门语言。

    study用于较高深或周密的研究;
    learn多用于初级阶段的学习或带有模仿性的操作技艺等。如:

    He is studying the math problem.

    他正在研究这个数学问题。

    He learns English on the radio.

    他通过广播学英语。

    The baby is learning to speak.

    这个婴儿正在学说话。


    7.there be/have/own

    there be/have/own

    there be表示某处(或某时)""(某人或某物),表示客观存在之

    have是常用词,表示所属关系,所有

    own指合法地拥有某物,强调具有法律上的所有权。


    8.answer/reply

    answer/reply

    这两个词都可作回答,但用法有所区别。
    reply为正式用语,多指经过考虑的、有针对性的、详细的回答,常用作不及物动词,和介词to连用,其宾语为名词或代词,这时可以与answer互换;
    answer
    既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,常指口头或书面的回答,是一般用语。如:

    The old man smiled before he replied to my question.

    老人在回答我的问题前笑了笑。

    I cannot answer you now. 我现在不能回答你。

    How shall I answer? 我该怎样回答?

    值得注意的是,answer可引申为应答之类的意义,这时不能用reply来代替。如:

    answer the door  (门铃响了)去开门

    answer the telephone  接电话

  • 名词的语法功能: 
    名词在句中作主语,宾语,介词宾语,宾语补足语,表语以及名词短语作状语。
    1.主语:The bagis in the desk.书包在桌子里边。
    2.宾语:I washed my clothes yesterday. 昨天我洗了我的衣服。
    3.表语:This is a good book. 这是一本好书。
    4.宾语补足语We selected him our monitor.我们选他为我们的班长。
    5.介词宾语Mary lives with her parents.玛丽和她的父母住在一起。
    6.定语:She is a Partymember. 她是一位党员。

    名词口诀:
    一、人和事物各有名,万千名目可辨清。表示名称即名词,具体抽象有不同。
      时间空间和地点,方向位置有专称。主宾定表都可作,名词具有多功能。
    二、可数名词不可分,若要分离变性质。不可数名词可分离,一分再分仍原物。

  • 英语名词特殊用法:
    1.family指“家庭”时,强调全体;指“家里人”时强调个体,与住房无关
    home指“家”,表示同一家庭共同生活的地方,具有感情色彩
    Kate has left home for school.可作副词也可作名词,意思是“在家”
    house指“住宅”、“住房”The Greens live in a big house.

    2.man总称“人”、“人类”,用单数
    people泛指“人们”,表示复数概念:People often work in the day.
    指“人”的个体,但只表示复数概念:There are five people in my family.
    前面加定冠词指“人民”,表示复数概念:Let’s work for the people.
    指“民族”时,有单、复数之分:The Chinese people is a hardworking people.
    person强调“人”的个体,有单、复数之分:There are five persons in my family.

    3.police总称“警察”,表示复数概念:
    policeman强调“警察”的个体,有单、复数之分:My father is a policeman.

    4.universe指“宇宙万物”,强调物质概念:
    When we talk about the universe,we mean the earth, the sun,the moon and many other stars.
    space指“太空”、“宇宙空间”,强调空间概念:
    Many countries have sent up the satellites into space.
    “空间”、“余地”、“空地”:There is no space on the bus.

    5.不同国家的人的单复数:

    名称

    总称(谓语用复数)

    一个人

    两个人

    中国人

    the Chinese 

    a Chinese

    two Chinese

    瑞士人

    the Swiss

    a Swiss 

    two Swiss

    澳大利亚人

    the Australians

     an Australian 

    two Australians

    俄国人

    the Russians 

    a Russian 

    two Russians

    意大利人 

    the Italians 

    an Italian 

    two Italians

    希腊人

    the Greek 

     a Greek

     two Greeks

    法国人

    the French 

    a Frenchman 

    two Frenchmen

    印度人

     the Indians 

    an Indian 

    two Indians

    加拿大人

    the Canadians 

     a Canadian 

    two Canadians

    德国人

     the Germans

     a German 

    two Germans

    英国人

     the English 

    an Englishman 

    two Englishmen

    瑞典人

     the Swedish 

    a Swede 

    two Swedes

    日本人

     the Japanese 

    a Japanese 

    two Japanese

    美国人

    the Americans

     a American 

    two Americans

考点名称:疑问代词

  • 疑问代词:
    疑问代词在句中起名词的作用,用来构成疑问句。常用的疑问代词有:   
    what, who, whose, whom, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever   
    疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有词性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。 
    what, which, whose还可作限定词。
    Whose books are these on the desk?
    桌上的书是谁的?
    What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
    美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?
    What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?
    哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?
    疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:
    指 人: who, whom, whose
    指 物: what
    既可指人又可指物: which

  • 疑问代词说明:
    一、无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:
    Which girls do you like best?
    你喜欢哪几个姑娘?
    What girls do you like best?
    你喜欢什么样的姑娘?

    二、Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:
    Who(m) did you meet on the street?
    你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)
    Who(m) are you taking the book to?
    你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)
    To whom did you speak on the campus?
    你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)

    三、疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:
    For what do most people live and work?大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)
    What are you looking for?你在找什么?(现代英语)

    四、疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:
    I can't make out what he is driving at.
    我不知道他用意何在。
    Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?
    你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?
    Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
    你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。

  • 疑问代词用法:
    1. 疑问代词有who, whom, whose, which和what, 都是用来构成疑问句的:
    Who is calling? 谁打电话来?
    Whom do you want to speak to? 你想找谁接电话?
    作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,在口语中用who作宾语时也不少:
    Who did you mean? 你指的是谁?
    Who are you talking about? 你们在讲谁?
    直接跟在介词后时只能用whom:
    With whom did you come? 你和谁一道来的?
    (口语中说“Who did you come with?时更多一些。)

    2. 其他三个疑问代词可用作:
    1)主语:
    What’s your address? 你的地址怎样写?
    Whose is better? 谁的好一些?
    Which of these is yours? 哪一本是你的?
    2)宾语:
    What do you mean? 你是什么意思?
    Which do you like better? 哪一个你更喜欢一些?
    Whose have you chosen? 你选了谁的?
    3)表语:
    What’s her name? 她叫什么名字?
    Whose is it? 这是谁的?
    4)定语(这样用时有些字典标作形容词):
    What time does the train leave? 这列火车什么时候离开?
    Which room shall we stay in? 我们住哪间房?
    Whose passport is this? 这是谁的护照?

考点名称:形容词的比较级,形容词的最高级

  • 形容词的比较级:
    当两种物体之间相互比较时,我们要用形容词或副词的比较级;
    当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时,我们就要用形容词或副词的最高级。

  • 形容词的比较级和最高级的特殊变化规则:
    一、少数单音节词前面加 more-, most- 构成比较级和最高级
    tired ---- more tired , most tired
    fond ----- more fond , most fond
    glad ----- more glad , most glad
    bored ---- more bored , most bored
    pleased---- more pleased , most pleased

    二、不规则变化
    good /well------- better ,best
    bad/badly/ill------ worse , worst
    many/much-------more , most
    little ------ less , least
    far ---- farther, farthes / firther , furthest
    old ---- older , oldest (GA)
        ---- older , oldest / elder , eldest (GB)

    三、下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式
    cruel----- crueler,  cruelest /more cruel , most cruel
    strict---- stricter , strictest /more strict , most strict
    often----- oftener , oftenest / more often , most often
    friendly------ friendlier , friendliest / more friendly , most friendly
    clever----- cleverer, cleverest /  more clever , most clever

    四、下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高(即表示”最高程度”或”绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级)
    empty , wrong , perfect , unique , extreme , excellent , favourite (GB)/ favorite (GA) , true , right , correct , extremely ...

  • 形容词的比较级和最高级用法:
    形容词比较等级用法:
     1.没有比较对象时,用原级。
     I have a new computer.
     2.两者比较,程度相同。
     A+系动词+as+adj.+as+B.
     Our school is as beautiful as theirs.
     3.两者比较,程度不同。
     A+系动词+not as+adj.+as+B.
     The weather here is not as hot as that in the south.
     4.A比B更…
     The earth is bigger than the moon.
     5.比较级前可以用much,even,still,far,a lot,a little,a bit,any等修饰。
     Your room is much bigger than mine.
     I’m a little shorter than her.
     6.用比较级可以表示最高级含义:
     John is stronger than any other boy in his class.=John is stronger than any of the other boys.
     两者不属于同一范畴,不能用other.
     Chongqing is bigger than any city in Sichuang.
     7.“比较级+and+比较级”   表示“越来越…”
     China is becoming more and more beautiful.
     Days are getting longer and longer.
     8.用the+比较级,the+比较级  表示”越…就越…”.
     The busier he is, the happier he feels.
     9. Which/Who+is+比较级     A或B?
     A和B哪一个/谁更…?
     Which is better,this one or that one?

     最高级用法:
     表示三者或三者以上的人或物的比较,一个在某方面超过其他两个或多个时,用最高级,结构是
     主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of/in短语。
     This story is the most interesting of the three.
     1. one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数
     它的意思是最…之一。
     English is one of the most important languages in the world.
     2. which/who…+is+形容词最高级
     “…最...”
     Which is the heaviest,the horse,the sheep or the elephant?
    3.最高级前可以用序数词
     The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

  • 形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则:

    构成 

     原级

    比较级 

    最高级 

    一般加er,est

     tall

    taller 

    tallest 

    以字母e结尾只
    加 r,st

     large

    larger 

    largest 

    以一个辅音字母结尾的
    重读闭音节,双写这一辅
    音字母后再加er,est

     red

    redder 

    reddest 

     hot

     hotter

    hottest 

     thin

     thinner

    thinnest 


    以辅音字母+y结尾的词,
    将y变为i再加er,est

    easy 

     easier

    easiest

    happy

     happier

    happiest 

     ugly

     uglier

    ugliest 

     early

     earlier

    earliest 

    其他双音节词和多
    音节词,在词前
    加more或most

     interesting

    more interesting 

    most interesting 

考点名称:宾语从句

  • 宾语从句:
    在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
    宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
    宾语从句连接代词主要有:
    who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever 等。

  • 宾语从句的特点:
    1.宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
    2.宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
    3.连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成份,多数情况下可以省略。
    4.whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句,但 whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。
    5.如果从句太长,可以用形式宾语it.

    宾语从句的时态:
    1.主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
    例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
    2.主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
    例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
    3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
    例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
    4. 如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态。 

    宾语从句的语序:
    A. 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。   
    False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.   
    Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
    B. 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。    
    Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible.   
    Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.  
    C. 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。
    Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English teacher.   
    Good: I don’t think he likes the English teacher. 
    D.  主句一般过去时态,从句也要用过去时态。
    False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.   
    Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner

    宾语从句的否定转移:
    主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等。
    并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
    I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
    我认为他不会来我的舞会.
    I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
    我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
    如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式。
    We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
    我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?

  • 宾语从句中引导词的用法比较
    在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:
    连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if
    代词:who, whose, what ,which
    副词:when ,where, how, why 等。

    (一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)
    1.可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:
    say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
    例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
    注意事项:当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
    例句:I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.

    2.在以下情况中that不能省略
    a.当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。
    例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.
    b.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。
    例句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
    c.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。
    例句:I can’t tell him that his mother died.
    d.注:许多带复合宾语的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it作形式宾语。
    例句:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.

    (二)由whether,if 引导的宾语从句
    1.由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
    一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。
    例句:I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.

    2.只能用whether,不能用if引导的宾语从句
    a.在带to的不定式前
    例句:We decided whether to walk there.
    b.在介词的后面
    例句:I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
    c.在动词后面的宾语从句时
    例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week
    d.直接与or not连用时
    例句:I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.

    3.只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句
    a.if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”
    例句:The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.
    b.if引导否定概念的宾语从句时
    例句:He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.
    c.引导状语从句even if(即使)和as if(好象)时
    例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.

    if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
    a.if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
    b.少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether. 
    c. whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
    d.在不定式前只能用whether.
    (如:I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。)
    e.避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.

    (三)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
    这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
    用于这种结构的动词常常是:see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
    1.英语中的连接代词有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。
    例句:Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?
    2.英语中的连接副词有:when,where,why,how,在句中担任状语的成分。
    例句:None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.

  • 简化宾语从句常用六法:
    方法一:
    当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise等,
    且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。
    例如:
    Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.
    →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
    We decided that we would help him.
    →We decided to help him.

    方法二:当主句谓语动词是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等动词,
    且主句主语与从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如:
    She has forgotten how she can open the window.
    →She has forgotten how to open the window.
    注:当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, show, teach等动词,
    且后带双宾语,从句主语和间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如:
    Could you tell me how I can get to the station?
    →Could you tell me how to get to the station?

    方法三:当主句的谓语动词是order(命令),require(需要)等时,
    如果主句和从句的主语不一致,宾语从句可简化为“名词(代词)+不定式”结构。例如:
    The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.
    → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.

    方法四:某些动词后的宾语从句,可以用介词加动名词(短语)等其他形式简化。例如:
    He insisted that he should go with us.
    →He insisted on going with us.
    The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born.
    →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.

    方法五:某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式(作宾语补足语)”结构。例如:
    Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.
    → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.

    方法六:动词seem后的宾语从句,也可以用不定式(短语)来简化,但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如:
    It seemed that the boys were going to win.
    →The boys seemed to win.
    除上述方法外,还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如:
    I found that it was difficult to learn English well.
    →I found it difficult to learn English well.
    Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.
    →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
    They found that the box was very heavy.
    →They found the box very heavy

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