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Changetheformsofthefollowingsentenses. 句型转换。1. IthinkIcanswim.(变为否定句) 2. Ihavesomebookstoread.(变为否定句) 3. LiLeiwilldrivehiscartoschool.(对划-六年级英语

[db:作者]  2019-08-28 00:00:00  互联网

题文

Change the forms of the following sentenses. 句型转换。
1. I think I can swim.(变为否定句)                                                                
2. I have some books to read.(变为否定句)                                                             
3. Li Lei will drive his car to school.(对划线部分进行提问)                                                                  
4. I hurt my arm.(对划线部分进行提问)                                                                
5. will, do, for, you, what, the summer holiday.(连词成句)                                                                
题型:句型转换  难度:中档

答案

1. I don't think I can swim.  
2. I don't have any books to read.  
3. What will Li Lei do?  
4. What happened to you?  
5. What will you do for the summer holiday? 

据专家权威分析,试题“Changetheformsofthefollowingsentenses. 句型转换。1. Ithink..”主要考查你对  否定句,一般过去时,动词过去式,一般将来时,助动词,特殊疑问句  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:

否定句一般过去时,动词过去式一般将来时助动词特殊疑问句

考点名称:否定句

  • 否定句:
    表示否定的句子。必须有否定词。
    否定句的构成形式:
    a. 谓语为be动词时,“be+not "一名学生。
    b. 谓语为实义动词而且没有情态动词和助动词时,“do/ does/ did+not"构成否定。 
    例:I do not like dancing. 我不喜欢跳舞。 
          He does not want to go to school. 他不想去上学。
    c. 谓语为“情态动词+实义动词”时,“情态动词+not”构成否定。 
    例:You must not smoke. 你千万不要吸烟。 
           I can not catch it. 我抓不住它。

  • 否定句在英语语法中可以分为九类:
    (1)一般否定句
    I don't know this. No news is good news.
    There is no person(smoking)/not a person/not any person(smoking)in the house.
    (2)特指否定
    He went to his office, not to see him.
    I am sorry for not coming on time.
    I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.
    (3)部分否定
    All the answers are not right
    All is not gold that glitters
    I don't know all of them.
    I can't see everybody/everything.
    Both of them are not right.
    (4)全体否定
    None of my friends smoke.
    I can see nothing/nobody.
    Neither of them is right.
    Nothing can be so simple as this.
    (5)延续否定
    You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.
    You don't know, I don't know either.
    He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of(更不用说)French.
    (6)半否定句
    We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
    I know little English. I saw few people.
    (7)双重否定
    You can't make something out of nothing.
    What's done cannot be undone.
    There is no sweet without sweat.
    No gain without pains.
    I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.
    No man is so old but(that)he can learn.
    (8)排除否定
    Everyone is ready except you.
    He did nothing but play.
    But for your help, I couldn't do it.
    (9)加强否定
    I won't do it at all.
    I can't see it any more.
    He is no longer a boy.

  • 否定转移的形式与用法:
    一、动词的否定转移
    1.形式上否定主句的谓语,实际上是否定从句的谓语
    当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。
    表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。如:
    I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我认为它不会帮助我们。
    I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我认为他不对。
    I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜欢它。

    2. 形式上否定谓语动词,实际上否定复合宾语
    当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们前面的否定式实际上是对复合宾语的否定。表示说话者所提出的一种委婉的看法或主张。如:
    I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我认为数学不难。
    I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我认为这个故事没有趣。
    I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我认为不会。

    二、动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情况下,否定不转移:
    1.这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时,否定不转移。如:
    I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。
    I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。

    2.用于疑问句时,否定不转移。如:
    Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗?
    Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 难道你不相信他做了一件好事?

    3.用作插入语时,否定不转移。如:
    Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。
    Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。
    Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。

    4.动词前有其他副词修饰时,否定不转移。如:
    I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。
    I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。

    5.动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时,否定不转移。
    I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。
    She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它变成了一个好孩子。
    He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。
    He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。

    6.当宾语从句中含的否定为“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配时,否定不转移。如:
    I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。
    I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好,那么只记单词是不够的。
    I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。

    7.当宾语从句中含“no”、“nothing”、“nobody”、“nowhere”、“hardly”、“seldom”、“little”、“few”等否定词或半否词时,否定不转移。如:
    I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。
    I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我认为如果这艘船沉入海底的话,那么谁也逃不掉。
    I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。

考点名称:一般过去时,动词过去式

  • 一般过去时:
    表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
    be动词在第一人称是单数和第三人称是单数是用was,其余用were。
    a. 表示在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语。
    yesterday(昨天)、last week   (上星期)、an hour ago(一小时前)等连用。 
      例:I went to the zoo with my father last Sunday. 上周日我和我爸爸去动物园了。
         They weren't able to come because they were so busy.他太忙了,所以去不了。
    b. 表示在过去一段时间里,经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。 
      例:My brother watched the World Cup every day last month.上个月哥哥每天都看世界杯比赛。

  • 一般过去时句法结构:
    肯定形式
    主语+动词过去式+其他
    例句:She often came to help us in those days.

    否定形式
    ①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词
    例句:I didn't know you like coffee

    一般疑问句
    ①Did+主语+do+其他? ②Was\Were+主语+表语?
    例句:Did I do that?
    用表格整理如下:
    肯定式 疑问式 否定式 疑问否定式
    Iworked Did I work? I did not work Did I not work?
    He(She,It) worked Did he(she,it) work? He(she,it) did not work Did he(she,it) notwork?
    We worked Did we work? We did not work Did we not work?
    You worked Did you work? You did not work Did you not work?
    They worked Did they work? They did not work Did they not work?

    结构句型:
    1.一般句子
    I watched TV last night.
    2.一般疑问句
    Did you watch TV last night?
    3.there be 句型
    There was an apple on the table last night.
    Was there an apple on the table last night

  • 一般过去时用法口诀:
    一般过去时并不难,过去动作、状态记心间。
    动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。
    否定句很简单,didn't 站在动原前,其它部分不要变。
    一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动原、其它部分依次站。
    特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
    最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记!

  •  过去式和过去分词的构成表:

    构成

    举例

    一般情况

    词尾+ed

    动词原形

    过去式和过去分词

    look
    talk

    looked
    talked

    以不发音字母e结尾

    词尾+d

    like
    arrive

    liked
    arrived

    以“辅以字母+y”结尾

    变y为i,再加ed

    fly
    study

    flied
    studied

    以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母

    双写词尾+ed

    stop
    plan

    stopped
    planned 

    不规则变化的动词过去式:
    have---had are---were get---got say---said feel---felt do/does---did is---was go---went   drink--drank eat--ate bring----brought think----thought
    buy----bought catch---- caught teach ---- taught sit----sat wear----wore cut----cut sweep----swept sleep——slept become----became

考点名称:一般将来时

  • 一般将来时
    表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。
    由“助动词will+动词原形”构成。“be going to+动词原形”结构是将来时的另一种形式,表示将要发生的事或者事先经过考虑打算去做某事。
    例:We will go to Shanghai next year. 明年我们要去上海。 
            We are going to have a football match tomorrow. 我们明天要举行一场足球比赛。 
            Tom is going to have a bath. 汤姆要去洗澡了。

  • 一般将来时常见结构:
    1、will / shall + 动词原形(否定句在will/shall后加not)
    will 常简略为 'll,并与主语连写在一起,如: I'll,she'll,he'll,it'll,we'll,you'll,they'll。
    一般疑问句如用will you…?其简略答语须是Yes,I will或 No,I won't;如用 Shall I…?(较少见)其简略答语须是 Yes,I shall.或 No, I shall not.
    这种方法一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。will用于各种人称;shall只用于第一人称。 例如 :
    I will / shall go to visit him next week. 下周我将去拜访他。
    What time shall we go there tomorrow? 明天我们几点去那儿?
    2、be going to 动词原形
    be going to 相当于一个助动词(其中be有人称和数的变化),与它后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。用来表示近期将要发生的动作以及计划、安排和打算要做的事。例如:
    There is going to be a football match this afternoon.今天下午将有一场足球赛。
    I‘m going to go to the park. 我将要去公园。

    常用结构:
    1、用于"I expect, I'm sure, I think, I wonder宾语从句"中。
    Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass.
    不要担心这次考试,我确信你会通过的。
    2、用于祈使句和陈述句中。
    Work hard and you will succeed.
    如果你努力,就会成功的。
    3、与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用。
    I'll let you know as soon as he arrives.
    他一到我就通知你。

  • be going to与will的区别:
    be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事,但它们有如下几点区别:
    1. be going to 表示近期、将要发生的事情,will 表示的将来的时间则较远一些,如:
    He is going to write a letter tonight.
    He will write a book one day.
    2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
    He is seriously ill. He is going to die.
    He will be twenty years old.
    3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而 will 则没有这个意思,如:
    She is going to lend us her book.
    He will be here in half an hour.
    4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如:
    If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you
    注意
    be going to和will在含义和用法上稍有不同。be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算;will多表示意愿,决心。两者有时不能互换。如:
    She is studying hard and is going to try for the exams.她正努力学习并尝试参加考试。(is going to不能用will替换)

  • 一般将来时一般用法:
    (1)一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。
    例如:I will(shall) arrive tomorrow.我明天到。(主语是第一人称时最好用shall)
    Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗?
    We won’t (shan’t) be busy this evening. 我们今晚不忙。
    (2)在一般将来时的句子中,有时有表示将来时间的状语,有时没有时间状语,这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如:
    Will she come? 她(会)来吗?
    (3)在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中,一般使用助动词shall,这时或是征求对方的意见,或是询问一个情况(b):
    a. Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头?
    b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗?
    在这类问句中,近几年来也有不少人用will,特别是在美国。例如:
    How will I get there? 我怎么去?
    (4)be going to+ 动词原形
    a.表示计划、打算、准备做的事。例如:
    We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。
    How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过?
    b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如:
    I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。

  • 常用时间状语:
    1)tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening
    2)next year/week/month/hour/day/century
    3)in+一段时间
    4)in the future
    5)this afternoon/Sunday/evening
    6)from now on
    7)one day,someday (未来的)某天
    8)soon

考点名称:助动词

  • 助动词:
    协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词,被协助的动词称作主要动词。
    构成时态和语态:助动词是语法功能词,自身没有词义,不可单独使用,它没有对应的汉译,
    例如:Hedoesn'tlikeEnglish.他不喜欢英语。(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)

  • 小学涉及到的助动词主要是do,以及它的两种时态:does和did。
    例:Does he work in the factory? 他是在这个工厂工作吗? 
        Do you have a pen? 你有一支钢笔吗? 
        He didn’t go to school yesterday. 他昨天没有去上学。

    助动词do 的用法:

    1)构成一般疑问句,例如:
    Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?
    Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗?
    2) do + not 构成否定句,例如:
    I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。
    He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。
    In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。
    3)构成否定祈使句,例如:
    Don't go there. 不要去那里。
    Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。
    说明: 构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。
    4)放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如:
    Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。
    I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。
    I do miss you. 我确实想你。
    5) 用于倒装句,例如:
    Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。
    Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.
    只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
    说明: 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。
    6)用作代动词,例如:
    ---- Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗?
    ---- Yes, I do. --是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing.)
    He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?
    他知道如何开车,对吧?

  • 基本助动词:
    be, do, have, 他们没有词汇意义,只有语法作用,如协助构成进行体,完成体,被动态,否定句,疑问句等。
    例如 He is giving a lecture. 他在作报告
    He has made a plan. 他已经订了计划
    The small animals are kept in the cages. 小动物都关在笼子里。

    助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用:
    a. 表示时态,例如:
    He is singing. 他在唱歌。
    He has got married. 他已结婚。
    b. 表示语态,例如:
    He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
    c. 构成疑问句,例如:
    Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
    Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
    d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
    I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
    e. 加强语气,例如:
    Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
    He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

考点名称:特殊疑问句

  • 特殊疑问句:
    以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
    常用的疑问词有:what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。
    特殊疑问句往往是就其中的某一成分,进行提问,而且根据情况直接回答,不能用yes或no简单回答。
    常见的疑问代词有who, whose, which, what;疑问副词有when, where, why, how。
    例:What do you do on Sunday? 你周日的时候干什么? 
        Which class are you in? 你在哪个班? 
        Where does Mr. Li live? 李先生住在哪? 
        Why are you late? 你为什么迟到?

  • 特殊疑问句的构成:
    一、 特殊的疑问词。
    特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。
    我们学过的疑问词有:
    what(询问事物), how much(询问价格),what time (询问时间,尤其是点钟), what kind of(询问种类),why(询问原因),who(询问人), where(询问地点) 等等。如:
    —What is this? 这是什么?
    —It's a key. 这是一把钥匙。
    —How much is it? 这个多少钱?
    —It's twenty dollars. 二十美元。
    —What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影?
    —I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。

    二、特殊的语序。
    特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如:
    What time is it? 现在几点钟?
    Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师?

    三、特殊的答语。
    特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如:
    — What time is it, please? 请问几点了?
    — It's 7:30. 七点半了。
    — Where are they? 他们在哪儿?
    —They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。
    —What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么?
    —English. 英语。

    四、 特殊的语调。
    一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读。如:
    Who's ↘that?
    How old is↘Jack?

    特殊疑问句有两种语序:
    1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:
    Who is singing in the room﹖
    whose bike is broken﹖
    2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:
    特殊疑问词+一般疑问句【特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语】
    What does she like?
    What class are you in﹖
    Where are you from﹖
    What time does he get up every morning﹖
    How do you know﹖

  • 就划线部分提问的基本方法:
    小学对特殊疑问句的考查主要采取对划线句子提问的方式,那么在句型转换就划线部分提问的基本方法是:
    先根据划线部分词语的意思和句法功能确定用什么疑问词;
    然后将原句变为一般疑问句跟在疑问词的后面即可(注意去掉划线部分)。
    基本构成:疑问词+一般疑问句
    A、对“物”划线用What。 
      This is an orange. → What is this?
      We can see a cat under the desk. → What can you see under the desk?
    B、对“地点”划线用Where,如果“地点”作定语时,用Which后跟被修饰的那个名词。 
      He is under the tree. → Where is he? 
      Jenny is in the classroom. → Where is Jenny? 
    C、对“年龄”划线用How old。 
      Miss Li is twenty-three. → How old is Miss Li? 
      My sister is five years old. → How old is your sister?
    D、对“颜色”划线,用What colour。 
      Her sweater is red. → What colour is her sweater? 
    E、对“可数名词的数量”划线用How many +复数名词。
      She has one red coat. → How many red coats does she have?
      I have six books. → How many books do you have?
    F、对“不可数名词的数量”划线用How much+不可数名词。
     I want to buy three kilos of meat. →How much meat do you want to buy?
    G、对“职业”划线用What。 
      She is a driver. → What is she?
      My father is a farmer. → What is your father?
    H、对“星期几”划线用What day。
     It's Sunday today. → What day is it today?
    I、对“时间”划线用What time。
     We go to school at seven in the morning. → What time do you go to school in the morning?
      It is five o’clock now. → What time is it?



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