—How many _________ did you have for breakfast? —Just two.[ ]A. piece of bread B. pieces of breads C. piece of breads D. pieces of bread -九年级英语

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考点名称:量词

  • 量词:
    通常用来表示人、事物或动作的数量单位的词,叫做量词。
    例如:a bag of (rice), a piece of (news), a cup of (tea)

  • 量词特点:
    在英语中,有很多量词词组,例如:a group of,a flock of, a bunch of,a bundle of等等.
    量词词组粗略地归纳了以下的特点,具体表现为:

    特点一:
    英语量词词组所表示的数或量,大致可归纳为四种类型,即定量、不定量、大量和少量。
    1.表示定量的量词词组,譬如:
    a couple of(两个、一对)
    a couple of days,
    a couple of players,
    a couple of times;
    a cupful of(一满杯)
    a cupful of jelly,
    a cupful of water;
    a portion of(一份/客)
    a portion of duck,
    a portion of roast beef。
    2.表示不定量的量词词组,譬如:
    a majority of(大多数/大半)
    a majority of opinions,
    a majority of votes;
    an atom of(一点)
    an atom of food,
    an atom of truth;
    a spell of(一阵/一段时间)
    a spell of fine weather,
    a spell of coughing。
    3.表示大量的量词词组,譬如:
    a flood of—a flood of ink(洋洋大篇),
    a flood of tears(泪如泉涌);
    a heap of—a heap of earth(一堆泥土),
    a heap of customers(许多顾客);
    a mountain of—a mountain of debts(债台高筑),
    a mountain of difficulties(困难重重)。
    4.表示少量的量词词组,譬如:
    a drop of—a drop of fever(有点热度),
    a drop of dew(一点露水);
    a particle of—a particle of feeling(一丝感情),
    a particle of dust(一点灰尘);
    a shadow of—a shadow of doubt(一点怀疑),
    a shadow of freedom(一点自由)。

    特点二:
    有些数量词组修饰可数名词,有些数量词组修饰不可数名词,还有些则两者均可修饰。
    1.修饰不可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
    a bit of—a bit of English(一点英语),
    a bit of good advice(一些好意见),
    a bit of interest(一点兴趣);
    a shred of—a shred of evidence(一点证据),
    a shred of cloth(少量布),
    a shred of reputation(一点声誉),
    a sheet of—a sheet of glass(一块玻璃),
    a sheet of water(一片汪洋)。
    2.修饰可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
    a cluster of—a cluster of flowers(一簇花),
    a cluster of spectators(一群观众),
    a cluster of bright stars(闪烁群星);
    a string of—a string of pearls(一串珠子),
    a string of curses(连续不断的咒骂),
    a string of excuses(一连串借口);
    a scram of—a scram of mosquitoes(一群蚊子),
    a scram of geese(一群鹅),
    a scram of children(一群孩子)。
    3.修饰(不)可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
    a body of—a body of bees(一群蜜蜂),
    a body of cold air(一股冷空气),
    a body of facts(许多事实);
    a block of—a block of ice(一大块冰),
    a block of flats(一幢公寓),
    a block of houses(一排房子);
    a chain of—a chain of ideas(一系列想法),
    a chain of accidents(一连串事故),
    a chain of proof(一连串证据)。

    特点三:
    有些数量词组的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配则比较灵活。
    1.搭配固定的量词词组,譬如:
    a barrel of—a barrel of beer(一桶啤酒),
    a barrel of crude oil(一桶原油);
    a basket of—a basket of eggs(一篮鸡蛋),
    a basket of apples(一篮苹果);
    a line of—a line of trees(一行树),
    a line of poetry(一行诗)。
    2.搭配较灵活的量词词组,譬如:
    a piece of—a piece of paper(一张纸),
    a piece of furniture(一件家具),
    a piece of equipment(一台设备);
    a round of—a round of spirit(一巡酒),
    a round of diplomatic talks(一轮外交谈判),
    a round of toast(一片烤面包);
    a bar of—a bar of chocolate(一块巧克力),
    a bar of soap(一条肥皂),
    a bar of light(一束光)。

  • 量词分类列举:
    常见的量词及搭配:
    1. 一般性的表示个数的量词:
    这一组中主要有piece, bit, item, article 等词,但piece具有独特的地位,在使用其他词的地方一般都可使用piece 代替之。比如:
    piece :
    a piece of meat/paper/bread/music/information/furniture/machinery, etc.
    一片肉/一张纸/一片面包/一首曲子/一条信息/一件家具/一台机器等
    bit :
    a bit of news/wood/advice/trouble, etc.
    一条消息/一块木头/一条建议/一件麻烦事等
    item:
    an item of news/crime/program/business, etc.
    一条新闻/一宗罪行/一个项目/一笔生意等
    article :
    an article of export/ furniture/ clothing/ luggage, etc.
    一宗出口/一件家具/一件衣服/一件行李等

    2. 以形状表示个数的量词:
    bar :
    a bar of chocolate/candy
    一块巧克力/一块糖
    bunch :
    a bunch of flowers/grapes/ keys
    一束花/一串葡萄/一串钥匙
    cake:
    a cake of soap/ice
    一块肥皂/一块冰
    cluster :
    a cluster of stars/flowers/animals
    一群星/一束花/一群动物
    comb:
    a comb of bananas 一串香蕉
    drop :
    a drop of rain/ blood 一滴雨/一滴血
    ear :
    an ear of corn/wheat一棒玉米/一穗麦子
    flight :
    a flight of stairs/arrows/sparrows
    一段楼梯/一阵箭雨/一群麻雀
    flock:
    a flock of workmen/criminals/boys
    一群工人/一伙罪犯/一群男孩
    head:
    a head of cabbage/cauliflower/sheep
    一头卷心菜/一块花菜/一头羊
    lump:
    a lump of sugar/coal/clay
    一块糖/一块煤/一块土
    spiral :
    a spiral of mosquito incense 一盘蚊香
    slice :
    a slice of meat/bread/beef
    一片肉/一片面包/一块牛肉
    swarm :
    a swarm of bees一群蜜蜂
    bevy a bevy of beauties/girls/ladies
    一群美人/一群女孩/一群女士
    gathering a gathering of friends一帮朋友
    clump :
    a clump of trees一丛树林
    pack:
    a pack of rascals/wolves一群流氓/一群狼

    3. 表示容积的词:
    bottle:
     a bottle of ink/milk/wine
    一瓶酒/一瓶牛奶/一瓶葡萄酒
    bowl :
    a bowl of rice/porridge 一碗米饭/一碗粥
    pail::
    a pail of water 一桶水
    glass:
    a glass of beer 一杯啤酒
    cup:
    a cup of tea 一杯茶
    handful a handful of soil 一抔土
    spoonful :
    a spoonful of oil 一汤匙油
    mouthful :
    a mouthful of snow 一口雪
    truckload:
    a truckload of steel 一卡车钢材
    a packet of cigarette一包烟

    4. 表示行为动态的量词:
    fit :
    a fit of laughter 一阵笑声
    peal :
    a peal of thunder 一阵雷声
    flash :
    a flash of light 一道闪电
    display :
    a display of force 一番武力展示

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