句型转换(按要求改写下列句子)。 1. Bruce bought a dictionary yesterday. (改为否定句) Bruce ________ ________ a dictionary yesterday. 2. Mr. Smith does mornin-九年级英语

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(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,如:
yesterday,last week ,in  the  past ,in 1993,at that time,once,during the war,before,a few days ago,when 等等.
(句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响)。
Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗?(你现在不饿吗?)
Yes,I have. 是的,我已经吃过了。(已经吃饱了,不想再吃了。)
When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的?(关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。)
I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。)
Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。
I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。
I ate it at 6:45。我在六点四十五分吃了。

(3)带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时。如:
yesterday(昨天)、two days ago…(两天前…… )、last year…(去年…)、the other day(前几天)、
once upon a time(很久以前)、 just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前…)、
When I was 8 years old(当我八岁时…)、at+一个时间点
Did you have a party the other day?前几天,你们开了晚会了吗?
Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷锋是个好战士。
注:在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时。

(4)表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.
那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了。

(5)表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always,never等连用。
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。
(只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞。)
比较:
Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。
(说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)
Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。
(表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦)
I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。
(不涉及到现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)

(6)如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做,而现在不那样做了)
He used to drink alcohol.他过去喝酒。
(意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了)
I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。
(意味着现在不在早晨散步了)
比较:
I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。
(只是说明过去这一动作)

(7)有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时。
I didn''t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。
(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.)
I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。
(这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病)

  • 一般过去时三变技巧:
    一变:肯定句变为否定句
    技巧1.当句中含有情态动词或助动词could,would,should等时,可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如:
    I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket.
    技巧2.当句中含有系动词was,were 时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如:
    I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.
    技巧3.当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not / didn't,动词还原,构成否定句。例如:
    The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.

    二变:陈述句变为一般疑问句
    技巧1.移动词语的位置。将was,were, could,would,should等移到句首。例如:
    He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself?
    技巧2.添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在主语之前加did,动词还原。例如:
    Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old?

    三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句
    技巧1.确定疑问词:人who / whom,物what,地点where,时间when / what time,原因why,频率how often,长度how long,距离how far等等。例如:
    They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?
    技巧2.辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如:
    The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen?

  • 考点名称:不定代词

    • 不定代词
      即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
      初中常用不定代词有:
      some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone), no(nothing,nobody,no one),
      every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),
      another,none,one,either, neither等。一般来讲,修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。

    • 不定代词用法例举:
      ①一般用于肯定句中的不定代词:some, someone, somebody, something
      例如:They can speak some Japanese.
      ②一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中的不定代词:any, anyone, anybody, anything
      例如:Is there anyone at home?
      ③一般用于句中表示否定意义的不定代词:no, no one, nobody, nothing
      例如:I have no watch.
      There is nothing wrong with the machine.
      ④不定代词one指代可数名词,既可指人,亦可指物,它可以代替上文中出现的单数可数
      名词,指代复数名词时可以用ones。
      例如:I do not have a pen, can you lend me one?
      I like small cars better than large ones.
      ⑤none通常只用作名词,在句中作主语、宾语等。意为“没有任何(人或物)”,既可指人,亦可指物。
      none后常跟of短语,其后用复数可数名词或不可数名词。
      例如:None of them knows the answer to the question.
      ⑥both, all
      both指两个人、物或群体;
      all指三个以上的人、物或群体或泛指一切事物。
      例如:My parents are both teachers.
                 All of my friends are football fans.
      ⑦every, each
      each一般用于指两个或两个以上的人或物,侧重个别;
      every用于指三个或三个以上的人或物,侧重全体。而且each所指对象在上下文中已十分明确。
      例如:Each student went to see that films. (学生至少二人)
                  Every student went to the park.(学生至少三人)        
      ⑧other, the other, others, the others, another
      other具有名词和形容词性质,既可指人,亦可指物。other常与定冠词the连用。
      不定冠词an与other连用则组成another。other只作形容词或代词,表示“其他的,别的”,不可单独使用。
      例如:Do you have any other questions?
      the other作形容词或代词,特指两者中或两部分的另一个或另一部分。
      例如:The bookshop is on the other side of the street.
       others相当于“other+名词”,泛指“别的人或物”,只有名词性用法。
      例如:Some are planting trees, others are watering them.
      the others相当于“the other+名词”,表示“剩下的,其余的”,特指除此之外的全部 人或物。
      例如:There are forty-six students in our class. Two of them are foreign, the others are all Chinese.
      another作形容词或代词,泛指三个或三个以上不定数目中的“另一个”。
      例如:This pen is too expensive, please show me another.
      ⑨either, neither
      either指“两者中的任何一个”;neither指“两者中无一”,具有否定意义。
      例如:You can take either half.
      Neither of the books is good.
      ⑩many, much, most
      many和much具有名词和形容词的性质,都表示“许多、大量”。
      Much一般只能指代或修饰不可数名词,many只能指代或修饰复数可数名词。Most指“大部分、大多数”。
      例如:Many boys like playing soccer.
      We have much homework to do every day.
      Most students think so.
      (11)few, a few, little, a little
      a few 和a little 意为“少数、少量”,其意义是肯定的。
      A few指代或修饰复数形式的可数名词,a little指代或修饰不可数名词。
      Few 和little意为“几乎一点没有”,具有否定意义。
      例如:He has a few friends here.
      Hurry up! There is little time left.

    • 不定代词的用法:
      不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
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