句型转换。1. May I smoke here? (否定回答) No, ______ ______.2. Look! There is some milk in the glass. (改为否定句) Look! There milk in the glass.3. This b-七年级英语

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时态、语态 主动 被动 一般式 writing being  written 完成式
having written having been written

  • 动名词使用注意事项:
    1) 动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数
    2) 在动名词和不定式中,作为介词的宾语是动名词
    3) 动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语
    例:I would appreciate you calling back this afternoon.
    4) 有些词后只能接动名词
    acknowledge;admit; advise;advocate;allow;appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny;
    detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can’t help;
    hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent;
    recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...
    5) 另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法
    it’s no good; it’s no/little/hardly any/ use; it’s not/hardly/scarcely use; it’s worthwhile; spend money/time; there’s no;
    there’s no point in; there’s nothing worse than; what’s the use/point
    6) 有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可
    remember,forget,try,stop,go on,continue,stop,regret,cease,mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式,但意义截然不容。
    例:remember to do/doing:
    ①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作)
    ②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作)
     forget与remember的用法类似。
     regret的用法:
    ①I regret to inform you that…(我很遗憾地通知你……)
    ②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.(为了“二十年前的离开”而遗憾。)
     try to(努力)与try +–ing(试验):
    ①You really must try to overcome your shyness.
    ②Try practicing five hours a day.

  • 考点名称:动词短语

    • 动词短语:
      由动词和动短语成,或以动词为中心,功能同动词的短语叫动词短语,动词短语是动词的一种固定搭配形式,动词短语的搭配可分为下列四种基本类型。

    • 动词短语搭配形式:
      1.动词+副词
      ①作及物动词,例: 
      He brought up his children strictly.   
      从以上的例句中可以看出,在“动词+副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况:
      宾语如是名词,则可置于副词后面,亦可置于动词和副词之间。
      而如果宾语是代词,只能置于动词后面,即动词和副词之间。   
      ②作不及物动词,例:    
      Something unexpected has turned up. 出现了令人意外的情况。(turn up=appear)   
      ③既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词,例:   
      The barrel of gunpowder blew up.(不及物)火药桶爆炸了。   
      The soldiers blew up the bridge.(及物)士兵们把桥炸毁了。

      2.动词+介词 
      动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词,宾语总是在介词后面,例:
      I don’t much care for television.我不很喜欢电视。(care for=like)

      3.动词+副词+介词
      在这类动词短语中,动词、副词、介词紧密结合,是动副词组和动介词组的合成体,词义上相当于一个及物动词。
      它兼有以上两类短语动词的特点,但宾语总是位于介词之后,例: 
      We must work hard to make up for lost time.我们必须努力工作来弥补失去的时间。(make up for=compensate)

      4.动词+名词
      这类动词短语中的常见动词是have,take,give,make等,
      后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词,并表达了短语动词的真正意义,例:    
      Let’s have another try.让我们再试一下。(have a try=v.try)  

      5.动词+名词+介词    
      这类动词短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度,宾语总是位于介词之后,
       例:Keep an eye on the baby while I am out.我不在家时请照看一下小孩子。   

      6.be+形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)+介词    
      这类动词短语也相当于及物动词,宾语位于介词后面,形容词是短语动词的真正词义,
      例:I know he is slow at understanding,but you have to be patient with him. 我知道他理解力差,但你得对他耐心些。

    • 动词短语与短语动词:
      <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />一、短语动词
      (1)短语动词常常是两个词(一个动词+一个副词性小品)构成,如:wake up , get up ,turn out 等。

      (2)同一个动词后面可以有不同的副词性小品词,构成不同意义的短语动词。如:He turn on the radio .Bob turned out smiling.

      (3)短语动词用法普遍,尤其在非正式语言中:

      我们可以说 He awoke late the following morning .但这太正式了。

      我们通常说 He woke up late the following morning .


      短语动词的类型

      Here is a page from Mr Jones` diary :

      Monday ,February 5th.

      *有些短语动词不带宾语:

      The car broke down .Cigarette prices are going up.

      *多数主短语动词可以带宾语,宾语通常在副词性小品词的前或后:

      动词+副词性小品词+宾语 动词+宾语+副词性小品词

      I rang up a garage. I rang a garage up.

      如果宾语较长,则通常放在副词之后:

      I filled in an application form.(不说 I filled an application form in .)

      如果宾语是代词,其结构通常如下:

      动词+代词+副词性小品词

      I put it down.(不说 I put down it .)

      *有些短语动词是由三个词构成的(动词+副词性小品词+介词),这样,宾语就只能放在介词后面:

      I don`t get on with the people at work.

      短语动词由动词加上介词或副词小品词构成。比如:
      1. 由动词break构成的常见短语动词有:

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