根据首字母填空。1. The small kangroos are c joeys. 2. The geese are sin the pond. 3. Tiger cubs can't j through the ring . 4. She l music from Mr. Black-五年级英语
(二)现在进行时:
1.说话时正在发生,进行的动作
Look! Dark clouds are gathering . (正在发生)
2.表现阶段正在进行,但此刻不一定正在进行的事。
He usually gets up at 6:00,but this week he is getting up at 7:00. (现阶段正在进行,但说话时不一定在起床)
3.现在进行时的特殊意义
-表示主观打算常用于 go,come,leave,start,begin 等,位移、趋向动词。
How long are you staying here (准备停留)
-表示眼前刚过去的语意即“话音刚落”,适用于tell,say,talk,discuss ….
You don’t believe it You know I’m telling the truth.
-表示安慰、关心、喜欢、讨厌等感情色彩。
He is always making noises in class. (讨厌)
-在条件、时间、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行。
Don’t bother him if he is reading this time tomorrow.
二、严格区分进行时与一般时的语义
1.持续动词的一般时表持续情况,经常性,习惯性行为或客观存在的事实,进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续。
2.短暂动词的一般时叙述事实,特征,能力而短暂动作进行时描述反复发生,即将发生或刚开始行为。
3.短暂动词和静态动词一般时表示实际情况客观状态、结果、特征、特性,进行时表未完成含开始或渐进之意。
The bus stops. (车停了-事实)
The bus is stopping. (渐渐停下来)
I love the job. (静态事实)
I am loving the job. ( 渐渐爱上了)
4.come,go,leave,start,return,move,reach,sail,fall 等一般时态表客观规定计划,进行时表主观打算推测。
Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. (表客观规定计划)
The plane is taking off an hour later.(主观判断)
5.现在进行时带always,continually, constantly, for ever等频率副词表感情色彩,一般现在时则没有此用法。
现在进行时的构成是:
主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式
人称 |
构成形式 |
第一人称单数 |
I+am+ing. |
第一人称复数 |
We+are+ing. |
第二人称单(复)数 |
You+are+ing |
第三人称单数 |
He(She,it)+is+ing |
第三人称复数 |
They+are+ing |
句式 |
|
肯定句 |
主语+be(is/am/are)+现在分词 |
否定句 |
主语+be(is/am/are)+not+现在分词 |
一般疑问句 |
(is/am/are)+主语+现在分词 |
be特殊疑问句 |
特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+Sth? |
现在分词的构成:
词 |
构成 |
举例 | |
一般情况 |
词尾+ing |
动词原形 |
现在分词 |
go |
going | ||
以不发音字母e结尾 |
去e,再加ing |
write |
writing |
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅以字母 |
双写词尾+ing |
run |
running |
以ie结尾的重读闭音节 |
变ie为y+ing |
die lie |
dying lying |
结尾为c且c读作/k/时 |
在结尾加k再加ing |
picnic | picnicking |
考点名称:被动语态
- 语态:
是动词的一种形式,它表示主语和谓语的关系。
语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者,或者是说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;
如果主语是动作的承受者,或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态。
例:Danny’s head is stuck. 丹尼的头被粘住了。 被动语态的基本结构:
主语+be +过去分词(+by+动作的发出者)
① 一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词
如:Trees are planted every year.
② 现在进行时 am/is/are+ being +过去分词
如:The road is being repaired.
③ 现在完成时 have/has + been +过去分词
如:The work has been finished.
④ 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词
如:The story was told by him.
Many birds were killed last year.
⑤过去进行时 was/were+ being + 过去分词
如:The new house was being painted when I got home.
⑥过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词
如: He told me that the work had been finished.
⑦一般将来时 will +be + 过去分词
如: The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
⑧ 过去将来时 would/should +be +过去分词
如:He said that the Christmas tree would be put up soon.
⑨情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+ be +过去分词
如:The problem must be solved soon.
Children should be taught to love animals.被动语态关注点:
1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
如:happen, break down, come out......
What will happen in 100 years.
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
如:write, sell, ride.....
This pen writes well.
This new book sells well.
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带“to”,但变为被动语态时,须加上“to”。
例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.
He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us.
He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.
The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.
构成
be+done.- 主动句变为被动句4步骤:
1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语
2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词,并注意其人称和数随主语的变化,而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现(注代词的宾格),如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分(定语、状语)不变。 - 被动语态各时态构成表: