题文

阅读理解。

Plants and animals, including humans, need food and water to live on. These are from the natural resources (资源) on Earth. To protect these resources, we need to keep the air clean and the water drinkable. We need to keep the soil healthy. How do we do that? * Protect the land     The soil that covers fields and farms provides much of the food we eat. Human activities such as plowing (耕) fields, mining (采矿), and building highways can destroy (破坏) the land. Erosion happen when wind and water carry away the soil. Soil erosion can turn rich farmland into a desert wasteland. So does this mean we shouldn't build a highway or plow a field? Of course not. But it does mean we might think about Earth-friendly ways of doing those things.     Today farmers plow their fields in different ways to prevent erosion. They try to use less water for their crops. They keep animals from eating the growing grass in just one area. Farmers also plant trees to prevent erosion from happening. * Save the Trees     Another human activity that damages the land is deforestation (采伐森林). People take away a large number of trees from a forest. Millions of square kilometers of forest disappear each year. When this happens, many plants and animals lose their places to live. They may die out, or become very few. Scientists haven't even discovered all the living things in the forest. We may be losing some without even knowing they are there. Trees absorb (吸收) and use carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) when they make food. Environmentalists encourage careful management of the forests. They ask people to replant trees after they cut down the forest.  * Recycle, Reuse, Reduce      People throw a piece of paper into the wastebasket after using it. The paper becomes trash. Where does the trash go next? Much of our trash ends up in landfills (垃圾填埋地). They take up valuable land and sometimes pollute the water, air, and land around them. More than a third of the trash in landfills is paper. Recycling, reusing, and reducing what you throw away can cut down on the need for more landfills. In fact, we can recycle about eighty percent of household trash.

1. What does the underlined word "erosion" mean?

[     ]

A. Plowing fields and mining. B. Cutting down trees and farming. C. Wind and rain carrying away soil. D. Building highways on the farmland.

2. How do farmers prevent erosion now?

[     ]

A. They try to use more water for their crops. B. They stop animals from eating the growing grass in just one area. C. Farmers also plant flowers to prevent erosion from happening. D. They move to another place.

3. Why do we need to save the trees?

[     ]

A. To discover more new trees every year. B. To make more money. C. To take away a large number of trees from the forest. D. To keep good places for animals and plants to live in.

4. How much of the trash can we recycle?

[     ]

A. All the trash. B. Very little. C. One third. D. Four fifths.

5. What's the purpose of the author writing the passage?

[     ]

A. To ask people to look for places to plant trees. B. To tell people how to protect natural resources. C. To show how the lands are destroyed by people. D. To discuss ways of protecting animals and plants.

题型：阅读理解  难度：偏难

答案

1-5: CBDCB

据专家权威分析，试题“阅读理解。 Plants and animals, including humans, need food a..”主要考查你对  健康环保类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

健康环保类阅读

考点名称：健康环保类阅读

• 健康环保类阅读：
  本类型主要是围绕饮食健康、医疗卫生及环境保护等方面选取实际的材料来设题。
  体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。

• 健康环保类阅读题答题注意事项和技巧：
  应试生态环保类题目时，在理解文章的基础上，要重点突破——归纳主旨大意技能，因为推断是以整体理解为基础的推断能力。
  1.归纳主旨大意：
  (1)寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：找出每小段的主题句。
  主题句通常有这样的特点：
  ①有一个话题(topic)；
  ②有阐述控制性概念，偶尔也可在一段中间；
  ③有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。
  (2)寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
  应观察全文的结构安排，理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”，考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。
  (3)典型错误：
  ①忽视文章的结构；
  ②混淆了中心与支撑细节或材料的区别；
  ③忽视文章表意的倾向性；
  ④漏掉了主要的特征词。
  
  2.正确推理判断：
  推理判断试题要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意，并作出正确的推理和判断。
  (1)数据推断题
  解答此类题，关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息，然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上，运用自己的数学知识，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。
  (2)知识推断题
  根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。
  (3)逻辑结论推断题
  根据事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料，不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。
  解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实，然后按题意要求进行推断。
  (4)对作者态度、倾向的推断题
  作者的倾向和感情往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中，因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞。